Which clearance procedures can ATC issue without a request from the pilot?

Air Traffic Control (ATC) can issue several clearances without a specific request from the pilot, which is key in managing traffic efficiently and ensuring safety. In this context, Standard Instrument Departure Procedures (DPs), Standard Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs), and visual approaches can all be initiated by ATC as part of their traffic management responsibilities.

Starting with DPs, ATC will typically assign these procedures to efficiently route departing aircraft in a manner that helps maintain separation and manages airspace effectively. Given that DPs may have predetermined departure paths, ATC may find it appropriate to assign them even if the pilot hasn't specifically requested this type of clearance.

When it comes to STARs, these are integrated into the approach phase of an aircraft's flight. ATC can utilize them without a pilot request to help integrate arriving aircraft into the flow of traffic surrounding an airport, particularly in busy terminal areas. This proactive assignment aids in efficient descent management and workload reduction for incoming pilots.

For visual approaches, ATC can also make this recommendation to pilots based on current traffic conditions and situational awareness. This approach can expedite landings and is commonly utilized in busy airspace.

By recognizing that all three options—DPs, STARs, and visual approaches—can